Codable – Frankis Website

LinkedList: NSCoding protocol

Frank-Peter Poschmann Swift 10.09.201911.12.2019Codable, linked list, NSCoding, reference type, serialization 0 Kommentare

In my previous post I’ve explained that the new Codable protocol of Swift 4 has some problems with references to objects (i.e. class instances). Or, better said, the two implementations of coders available

ProperListEncoder/PropertyListDecoder
JSONEncoder/JSONDecoder

have this problem: they expand all references to new objects and create doublets if references in the object tree occur more than once for a single object. In the case of loops in the object tree (references of objects to each other) the encoding leads to an endless loop.

The old NSKeyedArchiver/NSKeyedUnarchiver of the Objective C-world do not have this problem: they respect references and restore them correctly at unarchiving. So, I want to implement this old way, i.e. the NSCoding protocol in my LinkedList as well. Remark: LinkedList uses references to its payload as well even in loops but that is taking care of even in the use of the Coding protocol.

LinkedList: Codable protocol and references

Frank-Peter Poschmann Swift 23.08.201910.09.2019Codable, data structure, linked list, NSCoding, reference type, serialization 0 Kommentare

Maybe you have read my series of posts about LinkedLists. It was great fun for me to put these things together, but recently, I stumbled over a problem with serialisation, esp. the Codable protocol and references to objects. In Swift 5 there are two Encoder/Decoder pairs available:

PropertyListEncoder/PropertyListDecoder
JSONEncoder/JSONDecoder

It turns out that these encoders are not really suitable for archiving object graphs because they expand all references to objects, i.e. put the objects instead of the references in the archive. If you have a simple tree of objects and you do not care about doublets that may be fine but as soon as you have loops in your object graph you are in trouble. Encoding such a graph with these two encoders lead to an endless loop. This may happen quite frequently; just think about delegation where you typically have references of the delegate and its master against each other.

Linked Lists in Swift (4)

Frank-Peter Poschmann Swift 03.04.2018Codable, data structure, linked list, serialization 0 Kommentare

So, this is my last post in this series about linked lists. There is one last thing we have to add: serialising for storing our linked list on disk or sending over a network. As you have seen in this post, serialising has become much easier in Swift 4. If we make the requirement that our generic class T is already Codable the rest is quite easy. Weiterlesen

Update: Serialising enums and structs in Swift 4

Frank-Peter Poschmann Swift 13.11.201704.03.2018associated value, Codable, enum, NSCoding, serialization, struct 0 Kommentare

So, now Swift 4 is here and things are changing. One of the big improvements of Swift 4 is the incorporation of serialisation for classes, structs and enums. In contrast to the previous versions which rely on the old NSObject/NSCoding mechanisms the new Codable protocol is not restricted to classes only. And even better, if you do not have special needs the compiler will synthesise the needed functions for you as we will see later.